The Padma, second longest river of Bangladesh and contributes significantly to fisheries production and dependent fishers’ livelihood. This study aimed at assessing livelihood status of the hilsa fishers by compiling both qualitative and quantitative data. Empirical filed data were obtained by employing participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools, comprising household interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews from May to October, 2018. Main livelihood activities were fishing; fish drying, fish trading, net mending, boat making and repairing activity, agriculture, small business and daily labor. Among total 288 households, 150 were exclusively involved in fishing, 110 fishing and other agricultural farming and only 28 were involved in small business. Maximum number of fishers (39%) belonged to the age group of 31 to 40 years, 21% belonged to the age group of 21 to 30 years. fishers’ annual income ranges from 32000 + 510 BDT to 48000 + 750 BDT whereas 10% have annual income 100,000 + 1120 BDT. The overall livelihood status of the hilsa fishers were not satisfactory due to some social and economic constraints like increasing fishers’ number, low income, lack of alternative income generating activities, loan problems, piracy, price hike and conflicts with stakeholders for resources. Effective initiatives and their proper implementations are very crucial to improve the livelihood of the fishers.